Контекстные маркеры фразеологических универбов, омонимичных словам свободного употребления

Abstract

Статтю присвячено контекстній підтримці фразеологічних універбів, омонімічних словам вільного вжитку. Універби транспонують з фразеології семантику, категоріально-граматичне значення, стилістичне забарвлення, експресію, тож правильне їх декодування потребує включення до контексту спеціальних маркерів універбації.

The article deals with the contextual support of phraseological univerbs with homonyms among free words. Compression as a bright representation of language economy found its realization at the level of word-building in phraseological univerbation, in particular, in contraction of a phraseological unit into semantically identical word-synonym. Phraseological univerb is aimed at reduction of an aspect of expression and transference of an aspect of content from phraseology to lexis. The productive means of phraseological univerbation in Russian serve either extracting of one of the components of a phraseological unit with possible affixation or compounding/ binding with or without suffixation. Decoding of univerbs may be of some difficulty for a reader, since it calls for associative links and differentiation of the initial phraseological unit. This circle of associations is limited by language and reader’s experience, that’s why the problem of decoding is solved by an individual reader in correlation with his own knowledge, linguistic feeling, and contextual information. The task gets more complicated if a univerb is a homonym to a free word. In this case the contextual markers become assistants in the process of decoding. The function of markers may play: an initial phraseological unit (in pre- or postposition); its phraseological or lexical synonym; contamination of two phraseological units, one of which is a univerb; direct univerbal semantisation; semantic contrast with lexical environment; quotation marks; intended colliding of direct and figurative (phraseologically motivated) meanings; change in univerb combination in contrast with the word-homonym; mixture of all the mentioned means. The issue of contextual support of phraseological univerbs needs the further study, as it opens new horizons in language theory and practice.