У статті здійснено дослідження узусу окремих лексичних одиниць, зокрема, рідна мова, українська мова, російська мова, націоналізм, фашизм. Розглядаються різні типи семантичних зрушень в українській мові відповідно до мовної політики, що проводилась в Україні у ХХ – поч. ХХІ ст.
The article studies the language usage of individual lexical items, including native language, Ukrainian, Russian, nationalism, fascism. The different types of semantic changes in the Ukrainian language is examined in accordance with the language policy, which was held in Ukraine in XX – the beg. of ХХІ century. The State language policy in Ukraine since independence did not correct threatening language situation on the functioning of the Ukrainian language. Adopted Law № 5029 -VI « On the Principles of State Language Policy» (August 2012) caused a considerable stir in the Ukrainian society. The next wave of Russification of Ukraine has exacerbated regional fragmentation . Language chaos in our country continues to this day. But it is not only caused by the political turmoil . Interference in the internal structure of the Ukrainian language by Russian colonizers led to the changes in the mental perception of the world and therefore led to the changes in the daily usage of the Ukrainian language. Overview of the latest domestic and foreign linguistic research shows that the nature of three types of semantic reinterpretation – narrowing, widening and displacement – are not clearly defined, that determines the relevance of the proposed article. Each word has its own destiny, its biography, its load, and destroying of them may be very dangerous. Process of rethinking are conducted according to variety of reasons. . In the article some examples proves that forced semantic shifts can become verbal means of changes in the perception of socially significant for cultural and linguistic community information and knowledge. In the twentieth century. the policy of convergence of nations in an international society contributed strange metamorphosis words of native language, nationalism, and the others as they were not profitable. Modern politicians often continues the tradition of manipulating the consciousness of ordinary citizens and engages the word fascism, nazism. It is known that the consolidation of lexical semantics in the form of shifts in the value determined by apperception. That outlook depends on prior experience, the stock of knowledge, the general content of the spiritual life. Therefore, existing for centuries intellectual secondary of the large number of people should be treated. This requires a conscious national language policy. Thus, the introduction of a number of measures at the national level, which would provide a reorientation of verbal behavior of new generations of Ukrainian citizens is now extremely essential.
