Modeling of the athletic training process in team sports during an annual macrocycle

Abstract

In the article we substantiate the concept of the athletes’ training process in team sports in the macrocycle based on the methods of modeling, which involves developing methodological aspects of making model characteristics of athletes’ training and competitive activities, models of structural formations in the training process. The analysis of players’ competitive activity need to be made taking into account quantitative and qualitative indicators of technical-tactical actions and the conditions under which they are performed. Implementing technical-tactical actions are fixed in the three regimes of coordination complexity (RCC): on-site or at a convenient speed of movement (1st RCC); in motion limiting space and time (2nd RCC); under the condition of active obstruction on the opponent’s side (3rd RCC). Passing the ball should be seen as tactical moves in the game and are devided to retaining, developing, and aggravating. It is proved that the analysis of competitive activity is necessary to carry out depending on players’ responsibilities during the match. The study has been involved 46 elite athletes – the representatives of the core team of Ukraine on field hockey "Dynamo – ShVSM" (Vinnytsa), "Olimpia – Kolos – Sequoia" (Vinnytsa); players’ sports qualification – Masters of Sport of Ukraine. The study was conducted from 2007 to 2017 at the bases of the Sports Complex of the Athletes’ Olympic Preparation in the city of Vinnytsa, the Vinnytsa State Pedagogical University named after Mykhailo Kotsiubynsky and the scientific research laboratories of the National University of Ukraine on Physical Education and Sport. In the process of research, such methods were used: theoretical analysis and generalization of literary data and the Internet; pedagogical observation; video shooting of competitive activities; pedagogical testing; methods of functional diagnostics; pedagogical experiment. Four tactical models of the game of football teams and field hockey teams have been developed: "A", "B", "C", "D", where the structure and content of each of them determine the quantitative indicators of passess (blockng, acceleration, ‘sharpening’) and pressings (high, middle and low). Tactical models allow: purposefully make a program of the team technical and tactical training; increase the effectiveness of managing the team competitive activities; optimally vary the team tactics both during the competition itself and during a separate match.