THE INFLUENCE OF LINGUISTIC AND EXTRALINGUISTIC FACTORS ON THE DERIVATIONAL POTENTIAL OF SUBSTANTIVES IN THE MODERN UKRAINIAN LANGUAGE

Abstract

Today, the issue of identifying the typology of word formation, which is based on the functional load of the formative words, becomes relevant for the development of Ukrainian derivatology, and its solution is possible only within the framework of a recently developed approach. In word formation, it is called base-centric because it is focused on the stem as a typology-based factor. The purpose of the base-centric direction is to describe the derivational potential of different classes of formative lexemes, to specify the linguistic and extra-linguistic factors that determine their word-forming ability. The research goal is to identify the structural and semantic typology of the relevant noun units, find out the factors that regulate the derivational capacity of Ukrainian names of trade tools, body parts and metals. The key tasks are as follows: to analyse the factors influencing the word-forming ability of formative nouns; to consider the semantic correlation of formative nouns and their derivatives; to study ways and means of realization of derivational meanings of the desubstantives. The research subject is linguistic and extralinguistic factors of producing lexemes from names of trade tools, body parts and metals. The study materials can be used in derivation studies when describing a derivative family of words, for characteristics of the word-formation system of desubstantives in the papers of monographic nature. Findings and materials can be used for the compilation of morpheme and word-forming dictionaries as well as academic courses on morphemics and word-formation and in relevant textbooks and study guides. Ukrainian names of trade tools, body parts, and metals are included in the lexical system of the Ukrainian language as lexical-semantic groups of words. Taking into account the semantic characteristics of the formative words under consideration, their structural and functional parameters, it is defined the dominant factors that influence the word-formation capacity of the studied groups of formative bases. They are as follows: lexical semantics of formative words, symbolic nature of meanings, stylistic marking, synonymous character, derivation / non-derivation, system substitution (it refers to derivative’s redundancy given that a derivate with another formant is formed from another formative word but with the same meaning or common functional lexical unit of non-word formation structure takes its place in the lexical system of the language). Implementation of the outlined semantics by derivatives originating from the names of trade tools, parts of the body and metals is due to a variety of means among which suffixation dominates. The means of word formation are also prefixes, confixes (especially when creating derivatives from somatisms), postfix -ся, which is combined with suffixes or confixes. Compound derivatives are formed by word-, compounding or word-, compounding with suffixation elements.