Теоретичні основи формування лексичної компетенції старших дошкільників у процесі сприйняття художніх картин

Abstract

У статті розкрито сутність лексичної компетенції в контексті мовленнєвого розвитку дітей дошкільного віку, окреслено завдання, напрями, принципи і зміст роботи з дошкільниками з формування лексичної компетенції; висвітлено особливості сприйняття художніх картин та їх вплив на збагачення словника старших дошкільників.

In article the entity of the concept "lexical competence" in the context of speech development of the preschool child is opened. Definited purposes offormation of lexical competence of high preschool children - formation of abilities of children is pertinent to be at loss for words of the native language, to understand their value and to accept in own speech; the task - the quantitative enrichment of the dictionary of the child new lexicon; assimilation of the social fixed word meanings and phrases; activation of a lexical baggage; education of research interest in the word and respect for the native word, the aspiration to speak the literary language. The principles of dictionary operation with preschool children are described: implementation of the active dictionary operation in case of execution of all sections of the program both on occupations, and during regime processes; sensor and linguistic development, the vigorous cognitive activity of children in assimilation of the word, a national directivity of dictionary operation, the principle of a tematizm which helps to group lexicon in one subject that increases rates of assimilation of the dictionary. Features of perception by children of art patterns - establishment of lexical communications between images on a pattern by means of leading questions of the teacher are probed; dependence of level of perception by the child on the maintenance of the offered pattern, but not from it "natural endowments"; comparison of an artistic image of a pattern with verbal and its reproductions in expressions; metaphoricalness in case of determination of mood of a pattern, activates tropes of children, does perception process emotional and figurative. It is clarified that operation on art a pattern emotionally colors process of formation of lexical competence of preschool children, promotes enrichment of a dictionary baggage defined, verbal to words, tropes, synonyms, antonyms, epithets, comparing, metaphors, elements of esthetic assessment when setting questions of the tutor as stimulants of the active dictionary, accustoms to think logically, to accurately express the thoughts, increasing the general standard of speech.