У статті проаналізовано особливості вживання у фразеологічних одиницях сучасного діалектного мовлення лексем сито і решето. Визначено, що в основі образності фразеологізмів на позначення марності та безрезультативності роботи, відсутності чогось є власне особливість будови цих господарських предметів; виявлено також і експресивно-оцінні одиниці, що можуть характеризувати характер і поведінку людини як з позитивного, так і з негативного боку. Семантичне наповнення таких фразеологізмів може набувати нових відтінків, накладатися на інші фразеосемантичні поля.
In scientific works of the last decades, it is observed that over time the word-symbols acquire new shades, especially when it comes to their functioning in the phraseological units of contemporary territorial language, since linguistic semantics is directly related to the informant’s picture of the world. The names of household items, tools of housekeeping work as part of the phraseological units of territorial language have not been the subject of linguistic research yet, although today we have descriptions of phraseological systems of certain of Ukrainian language areas. In the basis of phraseology symbolism, for the designation of futility and ineffectiveness of work the components of SYTO or RESHETO (sieve) are used, in fact, the specific features of these household items structure: both SYTO or RESHETO (sieve) have holes, so water cannot be held in them. Lack of something can also be personified because of the impossibility of holding water in the sieve. The semantic and cultural content of phraseological unit may acquire new shades, to be superimposed on other phraseological semantic fields, for example: ‘to endure troubles’, ‘to be poor’, and others. Expressive-evaluative phraseological units with the researched components that can characterize the character and behavior of a person both from a positive and a negative point were also revealed. The names of household objects are an inexhaustible source of displaying the cultural and national outlook, especially in popular phraseological units – authentic and dynamic ones. The phenomena of phraseological synonymy and antonymy, examples of enantiosemy, which are the basis of ironic expressions, mainly related with the characteristic of the highest expression of feature or state have also been revealed.
